Applications of operational amplifier in analogue control systems

   

   Applications of operational amplifier in analogue control systems

Operational amplifier is a device which is extremely efficient and versatile. Its implementations include the large filling criteria of the electronic industry for signal conditioning, specific communication functions, analog instrumentation, analog computation and specific device architecture. Circuits that use operational amplifiers are distinguished by the simplicity and precision analog properties.

Applications of operational amplifier:

·       All-Pass Filter:

At the same gain high-pass filter crosses high frequencies. It is used to adjust the signal level, which may be used as a path-correction circuit as well. The circuit shown in figure 4.5 has a 90° phase shift at F(90°). At DC, the phase shift is 180°, and at high frequencies it is 0°. R₁ = R₂ = R₃ = R F(90°) = 1/(2?R₁*C₁)

·       Op Amp application as a Phase Shifter: 

Op-Amp is used for automatic synchronization, meaning that the DC voltage level decreases from phase to phase at the emitter terminals. This rapidly increasing level of DC is likely to shift the point of operation of the next stages. And this phase shifter is added to switch down the rising voltage wave.The phase shifter performs by adding a DC voltage level to the output of fall stage to pass the output to a ground level.

·       Op Amp Applications as Adder or Summing Amplifier:

Op-amp can be used to sum up two or more sources of input voltage into a single output voltage. Below is a circuit diagram demonstrating how an op-amp is implemented as an adder or summing amplifier. The input voltages are added to the Op-amp inverter terminal. The terminal is grounded to invert. The output voltage corresponds to the sum of the input voltages.

·       Op Amp application as a Differentiator:

Op-amp can be used as a differentiator, in which the output is the first input signal derivative. The following equation gives the relation between the signal input and the signal output. As you can see the output voltage is a first derivative of the input voltage. We don't go into how the equation is derived but just learn about using an op amp as a differentiator.

·       Op Amp Applications as Integrator:

         Op-amp is often known as an integrator. The op-amp integrator generates an output that is equal to the input signal strength, as well as the input signal length. Instead of a resistor we have a condenser in the feedback loop. It is capable of performing integration mathematical operation because the output varies with the signal input and duration.

·       Op Amp Applications as Voltage to Current Converter:

 An op-amp with a negative feedback is generally used to convert voltage to current. You can see the circuit diagram below. We don't go through the specifics here, we 're just going to think about the circuit below. The voltage is added to the non-inverting terminal and the current is the inverting terminal input. Using a resistor it is grounded too.

·       Op Amp Applications as Current to Voltage Converter:

          Op-amp may be used as a voltage converter present, utilizing a very basic circuit as seen above. All we need is a resistance to feedback, connected to the op-amp output. The current source is fed into the inverting terminal and grounded to the non-inverting terminal. The output voltage here is commensurate to the input current. The current cannot pass through the op-amp because an ideal op-amp lacks limitless resistance. The current flows through the feedback resistance and depends on the current source for the voltage across it.

(Abstract )

           OP AMP has many different applications. It has a high open loop gain, high input impedance and low output impedance. It has high common mode rejection ratio, it is used for different application: Pass Filter, Phase Shifter, Scale Changer, Adder or Summing, Differentiator, Integrator, Voltage to Current Converter, Current to Voltage Converter